Researchers have created the first global estimate of the extensive underground networks formed by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Just within the top 15 centimeters of soil, these thread-like structures are estimated to stretch an astonishing 110 quadrillion kilometers. These fungi coexist with approximately 70% of land-based plant species, providing essential water and nutrients to plants in exchange for carbon. If lined up, these fungal threads would reach the distance from Earth to the Sun 735 million times. The team examined 16,000 soil samples gathered from over 4,000 sites across the globe. A robotic imaging system gathered more than 300,000 measurements of live fungal hyphae cultivated in laboratory conditions. Using machine-learning models, the researchers integrated this data with information on soil composition, climate, and vegetation to estimate fungal density throughout vegetated regions worldwide. A dynamic map is available for exploration, allowing users to search for their own neighborhoods.
Informational material. 18+.
